Improved cement for roofing, artificial stone, coating iron



i06. conrosmons,

COATING 0R PLASTIC soluble chlorn UNITED STATES SUBSTlTUTED FOR MISSINGCOPY.

PATENT OFFICE.

ANTONIO PELLETIER, OF WASHINGTON, DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA.

IMPROVED CEMENT FOR ROOFING,

ARTIFICIAL STONE, COATING IRON,

WOOD, 81c.

Specification fanning part of Letters To all whom it may concern Be itknown that I, ANTONIO PELLETIER, of Washington, in the county ofWashington, District of- Columbia, have invented certain new and usefulImprovements'in' Cement for Roofing, Artificial Stone, Coating Iron,Wood, '&c.; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear,and exact description thereof.

To enable others skilled in the art to construct and use myinvention, Iwill proceed to describe it.

My invention relates to improvements in the composition of matter, forwhich Letters Patent Nos. 63,087, 71,210, 73, 43, 74,587, and 76,806were granted to me; and consist, principally, in the use and preparationof lire and water proof cement for roofing and other purposes.

While the composition for which my other patents were granted answerswell for many purposes, I have found by further experiments that itcould be materially improved. My composition, as now made,1 find makesperfectly fire and water proof coats upon wood and other perishablematerials.

In making my com position I prepareinsolnble oxychloride by treating anyseparable solu;

e or 11180 uble oxide with the w h Thus I mix, or instance, on e caleLID with chloride of calcium.- oxide of magnesium with g hh)r Mofinancslum; oxit e o a l minum with chlori e o a iuminum, 50. But Iprefer, for my purposes, to all others the heav metals-for instance, 0x1e'o' its roa'sfed ores) when treated with 0 Ion e of zinc or oxite otllOll (or powdere ematite, ocl'i'er ene iau red, umber) with chloride ofiron or oxue 0 man a ese &c.; or I use mixtures a or scvera hese oxidesand chlorides. y

In my experiments I have established that, during the iormation of thoseinsoluhleoggy- @lornles, organic substances of a vegetable or animalnature (such as vegetable or animal fiber, hair, wool shodd and torn-uprags) can he no only hrmly em edded by them, at

are by the antiseptic properties of the chicox chlorides of the d i'zlnc(or Patent No. 77,705, dated May 5, 1868.

' rides and oxychlorides completely protected =fron1 putrefaetion anddecay.

'1;he addition of granulated or powdered minera ingret ients, such asmica, sand,soa stone slate-powder, esbestusf'r'fisla s, or any otherpounded miner and rocks, serve not only as a binding material, but lendsto the whole a stone-like appearance, Indeed, the cement mass, whenprepared as above stated, out of ox chlorides vegetable and mineralmatter and pulverized mineral constituents, forms artificial stone,which may be made variegated by mineral colors and of glass-likesmoothness by coating 15 with a thin layer of silicate of soda.

the wood, but is as perfectly lire and water proof as any mineral massin nature, and, owing to the highly antiseptic qualities of the mixture,it preserves wooden vessels of all descriptions, roofs, and the bottomof ships, when coated with it. Although the wood underneath it mayshrink, yet the cement layer will not crack or separate therefrom.

This cement mass, mixed with some glue or gelatiue, forms a hardpolishable mass, suita e or table-plates or casts of various kinds,

silicate of soda, or silicate of soda charged with mineral colors.

Al ougl 0 not limit my claims to anyv particular proportion, but varythem as desired, still the following example will illustrate some of thequantities of materials I employ in preparing my cement: Eight parts, byweight,

l or pounded rock of any description. The powo sum $0.; twenty-liveparts, by weight,o'fsant tXAMIllER The compositioii adhei'e's not onlyfirmly to which when dry may be finally coated with of tl ern; iourparts, by weight,oi oxide of Q dered mixture is then formed into aplastic cement by the addition of a sufficient quantity of chloride 9 fz ip c 30 to 35 B'aum.

Instead oi the oxide of zinc and chloride of zinc, I employ other oxidesand corres ondin chlorideso the alkaline earths true earths or the Beavmetals 1n any suitable proportionaspl employ mixtures of difl'erentoxides and c. orides--for msEnce, g xgde 933F011 m oxide of z nc to betreated after the admixtiiio'f ini'iiei'al matters with the ghprides oizinc and ot'iron, all in suitablepropor tions.

Thcceinent thus formed soon turns hard,

and may, if desired, be embellished by a coat of silicate of soda, or ofsilicate of soda ground tggetherwith minera paints 0 any color.

I find that for many coatings a chloride-ofzinc solution of 30 Baum willanswer for producing a plastic hardening mass; but-for covering largeroofs it is necessary, for the x sake of uniformity, to prevent a toorapid solidification, i. a, to revent the cement compostion for a wholeayfoi even longer, from getting hard. To accomplish this en'dTI moistenthe mass'with, or stir into it, a solution of elatine lue starch gum,

% su ate a dextrine i sugar, rax, of in ours, or other Teqmvai'it'h'yf'goscopic substances. I employ, forinstance, or every twoun re and twentyfive pounds of the composition, otato water, whichcontains from one to two dozen .05538 i boiled to pieces.Qhloride-ofiairic s o l 1 ti op, used last to impart to the cementcomposition a proper consistency, ought to have in this case a strengthof 47 to 55 Baum.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim is-- 1. The chloridesof the alkaline earths, true earths, and heavy metals, in combinationwith the corresponding oxides of these, for the purpose of producinginsoluble oxychlcride compounds, substantially as described and setforth.

2. In combination with the oxides and chlorides, organic substances,such as vegetable and animal fiber, glue, hair, shoddy, substantially asdescribed and set forth.

3. In combination with oxychlorides and organic substances,finely-divided granulated fibrous or pulverized mineral ingredients ofany kind, substantially as set forth.

4. The above-mentioned composition, with or without the incorporation orexternal coating with silicate of soda, either by itself or groundtogether with mineral colors, substantially as described and set forth.

5. In combination with the cement composition for preventing its toorapid solidification, solutions of starch, gum, dextrine, sugar,

' gelatine, borax, or sulphate of ammonia, sub

stantially as described and set forth.

ANTONIO PELLETIER. Witnesses:

H. M. RIGSBY, ABLA L. SMITH.

